पञ्चाङ्ग-विवरणम् · The almanac, explained
What is Pañcāṅga? The Five Limbs
Pañcāṅga — pañca-aṅga, “five limbs” — is the Vedic almanac reckoned from the positions of the Sun and the Moon. Bharat Ephemeris computes every limb from Sūrya-Siddhānta mathematics: every value computed, none foretold.
- तिथिः Tithi · Lunar day
- A lunar day — each of 30 steps of 12° in the Moon's angular distance from the Sun, across the śukla (waxing) and kṛṣṇa (waning) pakṣa.
- वारः Vāra · Weekday
- The weekday — each of the seven ruled by a graha: Ravi, Soma, Maṅgala, Budha, Guru, Śukra, Śani.
- नक्षत्रम् Nakṣatra · Lunar mansion
- One of 27 lunar mansions, each spanning 13°20′ of the Moon's sidereal longitude and divided into four pādas.
- योगः Yoga · Sun–Moon sum
- One of 27 divisions formed from the SUM of the Sun's and Moon's longitudes — distinct from the tithi, which is their difference.
- करणम् Karaṇa · Half-tithi
- Half of a tithi — eleven karaṇas cycle through the lunar month, used to time ritual and action.
Rāhu-kāla, choghaḍiyā and the muhūrtas are time-quality windows built from the weekday and the day's division of daylight — see them live for your city on today's pañcāṅga →.
LIVE · arc-minute · Sūrya Siddhānta + IAU 2006 P03 · APEX v5
Live pañcāṅga · any date, any city
पञ्चाङ्गम् · The five limbs, live from the substrate. Tithi, vāra, nakṣatra, yoga and karaṇa, reckoned at sūryodaya for your city — every value computed, none foretold.
| Graha | Rāśi | Longitude | Nakṣatra | °/day |
|---|
Ayanāṁśa —Computed live in your browser · Bharat substrate kernels · Kerala Sun/Moon + Nīlakaṇṭha grahas
Computing pañcāṅga…
Panchang Today · Common Questions पञ्चाङ्ग-प्रश्नाः
- What is Panchang today?
- Panchang (pañcāṅga) is the daily Hindu almanac that lists five key astronomical coordinates: tithi (lunar day), vāra (weekday), nakṣatra (Moon's lunar mansion), yoga (sum-luminary index), and karaṇa (half-tithi). Bharat Ephemeris computes all five live from Sūrya-Siddhānta mathematics, accurate to arc-minutes.
- What is tithi and how is it calculated?
- Tithi is a lunar day — one-thirtieth of a synodic month. It is calculated as the floor of Moon–Sun elongation divided by 12°. Each of the 30 tithis is associated with specific ritual significance in Vedic tradition. Our engine updates tithi in real time from live Sun and Moon longitudes.
- What is Rahu Kaal today and why should I avoid it?
- Rāhu-kālam is a roughly 90-minute inauspicious window that recurs each weekday at a position determined by the weekday lord. Its start time is computed from the day's sunrise and is therefore location-specific. This page shows Rāhu-kālam for Delhi (28.6°N 77.2°E); times shift with your location.
- How is today's nakshatra (Moon's birth star) determined?
- Today's nakṣatra is the lunar mansion the Moon currently occupies. There are 27 nakṣatras, each spanning 13°20′ of the ecliptic. The engine divides the Moon's current sidereal longitude by 13.333° and takes the integer index. Moon position is accurate to within ~1 arc-minute of NASA/JPL Horizons.